legal word of the
day: DUE PROCESS OF LAW
ENG: a fundamental,
constitutional guarantee that all legal proceedings will be fair and that a
person will be given notice of the
proceedings and an opportunity to be heard before the government acts to
take away one's life, liberty, or property (PROCEDURAL DUE PROCESS)
also a constitutional guarantee that a law
shall not be unreasonable, arbitrary,
or capricious (SUBSTANTIVE
DUE PROCESS)
to BE GIVEN (PRIOR)
NOTICE – otrzymać (uprzednie) powiadomienie (to be informed about something
important in advance)
THE PROCEEDINGS –
postępowanie (a legal action)
ARBITRARY –
przypadkowy, uznaniowy (based on random choice or personal whim, rather than
any reason or system)
POL: sprawiedliwy/ rzetelny proces sądowy (węższe
znaczenie oznaczające przestrzeganie prawa procesowego)
zachowanie reguł gwarantujących
praworządność (szersze znaczenie, obejmuje zarówno prawo
procesowe jak i materialne)
(1) No State shall …
deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any
person within its jurisdiction the
equal protection of the laws. (14th Amendment)
JURISDICTION –
jurysdykcja (the authority of a court to hear a case connected with a specific
geographic area)
(2) Although the
words “due process of law”
are not found in the Magna Carta, that charter
is commonly treated as the historical antecedent of the Due Process Clauses.
a CHARTER – karta (a
formal statement of the rights of a country's people, or of an organization or
a particular social group)
(3) Williams argues
that he was deprived of due
process by two instances of jury misconduct: an instance in which a
juror visited the county attorney's
office during the trial on an unrelated child
custody matter, and an allegation
by Williams that he saw a victim's husband talking to jurors.
INSTANCES –
przypadki (cases)
MISCONDUCT – zakłócanie porządku postępowania
(unlawful behaviour by a person with the administration of justice, by which
the rights of the parties and the justice of the case may have been affected)
a COUNTY ATTORNEY –
prokurator okręgowy dla hrabstwa (a public official who acts as prosecutor for
the state in a particular county)
CHILD CUSTODY –
opieka nad dzieckiem (the care, control, and maintenance of a child, which a
court may award to one of the parents following a divorce or separation
proceeding)
an ALLEGATION –
zarzut (a claim)
(4) The due-process-of-law violation was
premised on the fact that he was not
given prior notice and an
opportunity to defend against the
issuance of the writ before its issuance.
PREMISED ON – oparty
(based on)
to BE GIVEN (PRIOR)
NOTICE – otrzymać (uprzednie) powiadomienie (to be informed about something
important in advance)
THE ISSUANCE OF a
WRIT – wydanie nakazu sądowego (making a court order)
(5) Recently, a 2-1
majority of the District II Wisconsin Court of Appeals found no due process violation related to the
destruction of the blood sample, affirming
Weissinger’s conviction.
to AFFIRM THE
CONVICTION – utrzymać wyrok skazujący w mocy (to uphold (confirm) a judgement
in which the defendant was found guilty and convicted)
Polish sources to
check out:
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